Infertility in men and women may be due to structural problem, which can be surgically corrected to give better chances of conception than before. There are several leading fertility hospitals in India that can help you with fertility surgeries to treat any anatomic defects. Your doctor at a leading fertility hospital in Chennai will determine whether you should go for surgical infertility treatment or not. You will come across different types of fertility surgeries, and it essential to know what and why are these surgeries suggested.
Some Common Situations When Surgery is Required
The women who have fertility problems may require surgery in some common situations, and they are:
- Ovarian cysts
- Uterine septum
- Endometriosis
- Uterine polyps
- Pelvic adhesions
- Tubal disease
- Tube ligation
- Uterine fibroids
Types of Fertility Surgeries Performed in Women
You can increase your chances to conceive through minimally invasive procedures performed by experienced reproductive surgeons at a fertility hospital in Chennai.
Laparoscopy
A surgical procedure of a minimally invasive type, laparoscopy helps have a primary visual examination of abdominal and reproductive organs through a telescopic camera. Laparoscopy is generally recommended by your doctor for problems such as unexplained infertility and tubal disease, where the ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes are carefully examined.
The women who undergo laparoscopic surgery can return on the same day for the surgery takes somewhere between 45 minutes and 3 hours based on the diagnosis. In case the procedure is complex, it may take longer. The reproductive surgeon makes two or more incisions of about one quarter-inch in the navel and one or two in the lower abdomen. Next, the pelvic area is inflated by filling gas to have a clear view of the reproductive organs.
When the laparoscope is guided through the naval incision, the other instruments are sent through the abdomen incisions to enable thorough inspection of the pelvis. Using dye, the fallopian tubes are checked for any blockage. Laparoscopic surgery can usually resolve some of the abnormalities such as abnormal anatomy, pelvic scar tissue and endometriosis with a single procedure. If the surgeon finds nothing unusual, the incisions are closed after removing the gas. The patient should go for further treatment if necessary.
Hysteroscopy
This is yet another fertility surgery performed to diagnose any abnormalities causing miscarriages or impacting fertility. The noninvasive procedure allows you to have detailed examination of the size, shape and lining of the uterus. A thin tube, with a camera and light, is guided through the cervix to reach the uterus. Called a hysteroscope, the tool enables the doctor to have a clear visual image of the uterus and determine the problems.
On identifying a problem, the doctor fixes it by inserting a small instrument through the hysteroscope. Some common problems corrected using hysteroscopy are removing uterine polyps or fibroids and opening blocked fallopian tubes. Where there is abnormal bleeding in the patient who does not want to become pregnant in the near future, the bleeding is eliminated by inserting heated tools through the hysteroscope so that the endometrium is destroyed.
Most infertility cases require a laparoscopic treatment in tandem with a hysteroscopic procedure. There are a few risks associated with hysteroscopy though most of them are rare. The common problems are creation of a hole in the uterus, which may cause bleeding or damage to adjoining organs and uterine infections.
Minilaparotomy
A safe surgical procedure, minilaparotomy enables access to the fallopian tubes through an incision of smaller than 5 cm in length. It is a sterilization procedure performed for occluding the fallopian tubes perpetually. Minilaparotomy can be done anytime either related to or unrelated to pregnancy. Depending on the size of the uterus, the procedure for minilaparotomy is selected.
Tubal Ligation Reversal
With this procedure, a woman’s fertility is restored. The tubal ligation reversal treatment generally follows a tubal ligation procedure, which is performed to block, seal or clamp the fallopian tubes of a woman who wants to stop the fertilization of eggs and eliminate fertility. Later, when the woman wants to restore her fertility, she can undergo a tubal ligation reversal process, which helps open the fallopian tubes again.
The procedure takes about 2-3 hours, where the surgeon carries it out under general anesthesia, unclamping, implanting and reattaching an extension in the fallopian tubes, and make them functional. Advancements in technology have made this treatment less invasive and have fewer complications.
Some Fertility Surgeries for Men
When it comes to men, most infertility causes are structural and they can be diagnosed and corrected. A few common ones to mention are:
- Varicocele repair, where tangled veins or varicocele are tied off via incision
- Hydrocele treatment – removing hydrocele through incision in the lower abdomen or scrotum
- Sperm duct microsurgery, where the sperm is helped regain normal motility
- Vasectomy reversal, reversing a man’s ability to ejaculate sperm
For any fertility surgeries, it is advisable to talk to your doctor at a fertility hospital in Chennai and decide what to do.
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